Health Articles

The exact cause of migraines is still unknown. So far, all we have are theories as to why this condition occurs. Only one thing is for sure when it comes to migraines and that is women are three times more prone to suffer from migraines than men. Many women migraine sufferers will admit that their headaches often coincide with the period just before their menstrual period.

It is estimated that around 60% of female migraine sufferers suffer from an attack during their period and during the rest of the month. Only 14% suffer from an attack during their period. Of all female migraine sufferers, 74% associate their period with their headaches. Medical science does not deny the connection but the reason is still unknown.

Many women who suffer from migraine later on in life reported that their pre-menstrual syndrome or PMS have become much more acute since the headache started. In the January 2006 issue of Headache, a study was featured confirming the apocryphal evidence. Women who participated in the studies reported experiencing more severe bloating, breast tenderness, weight gain, mood swings, abdominal cramps and back pain.

In the study, the women were given medication to induce temporary artificial menopause by stopping the action of the ovaries. The subjects still reported worsened PMS symptoms during the migraine attacks even in the absence of the hormonal ups and downs of regular periods.

Menstrual migraines is the term used to describe the headaches felt by the 14% of women who only suffer from migraines during their periods. There is hope for these women. For some of them, taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines or NSAIDs such as ibuprofen several days before their period as well as the first few days of it can prevent menstrual migraine. If you would like to try this course of action, discuss it with your doctor first.
There are no guarantees that your migraines will leave forever.

One of the most unpleasant side effect of some headache medications is, ironically, headache. This kind of headache, which can be blindingly painful, is called a rebound headache and it affects those who tend to overuse these headache medications.

How does one get rebound headaches? Some people just try a little too hard to find relief from their migraine pain that they end up worse than before they took the medication. Here is how it often occurs: A sufferer feels pain and takes some medication. He still feels some pain after wards and takes some more medication.

Medication overuse is the main cause of rebound headaches. It is distinguished from migraine or other forms of headache because it stems after taking medications. It is basically the original headache that has worsened. The pain is felt when the body is finally clear of all the medication.

The intensity of the rebound migraine differs. Sometimes the pain is just like the original headache. In other cases, the pain can be more intense. While rebound headaches can be very painful, it does not come with other symptoms of migraine such as nausea and photo-sensitivity.

Any drug can cause rebound headaches but two of the most notorious from bringing it about are aspirin and acetaminophen. Other substances that can cause rebound headache include caffeine, opiates, prescription combination medications like midrin, codeine, ergotamine titrate, and drugs that contain barbiturates.
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Following are some of the indications that you could be suffering from rebound headaches.

* Experiencing headaches daily or every other day.

* Medications do not anymore provide relief the way they used to.
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* Use of prophylactic medication.

You can break the cycle of these headaches with the help of your doctor. But you must realize that you may not find a cure but merely suppression of the condition. There is a lot of on-line help available… find details below.

A migraine attack can be divided into four phases:

A ‘premonitory’ phase occurs in up to half of people with migraine. You may feel irritable, depressed, tired, have food cravings, or ‘just know’ that a migraine is going to occur. You may have these feelings for hours or even days before the onset of the headache.

The aura phase (if it occurs).

The headache phase.

The resolution phase when the headache gradually fades. During this time you may feel tired, irritable, depressed, and may have difficulty concentrating.

Less common types of migraine

There are various other types of migraine which are uncommon, and some more types which are rare. These include:

Menstrual migraine. The symptoms of each attack are the same as for common migraine or migraine with aura. However, the migraine attacks are associated with periods. There are two types of patterns. Pure menstrual migraine is when migraine occurs only around periods, and not at other times. This occurs in about 1 in 7 women who have migraine. Menstrual-associated migraine is when migraines occur around periods, and also at other times of the month too. About 6 in 10 women who have migraine have this type of pattern. Treatment of each migraine attack is the same as for any other type of migraine. However, there are treatments that may prevent menstrual migraines from occurring. See separate leaflet called ‘Migraine Triggered by Periods’ for more detail.
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Abdominal migraine. This mainly occurs in children. Instead of headaches, the child has attacks of abdominal (tummy) pain which last several hours. Typically, during each attack there is no headache, or only a mild headache. There may be associated nausea (feeling sick), vomiting or aura symptoms. Commonly, children who have abdominal migraine switch to develop common migraine in their teenage years.

Ocular migraine. This is sometimes called retinal migraine, ophthalmic migraine or eye migraine. It causes temporary loss of all or part of the vision in one eye. This may be with or without a headache. Each attack usually occurs in the same eye. There are no abnormalities in the eye itself and vision returns to normal.

Hemiplegic migraine. This is rare. In addition to a severe headache, symptoms include weakness (like a temporary paralysis) of one side of the body. This may last up to several hours, or even days, before resolving. Therefore, it is sometimes confused with a stroke. You may also have other temporary symptoms of vertigo (severe dizziness), double vision, visual problems, hearing problems and difficulty speaking or swallowing.

Basilar-type migraine. This is rare. The basilar artery is in the back of your head. It used to be thought that this type of migraine originated due to a problem with the basilar artery. It is now thought that this is not the case, but the exact cause is not known. Symptoms typically include headache at the back of the head (rather than one sided as in common migraine). They also tend to include strange aura symptoms such as temporary blindness, double vision, vertigo, ringing in the ears, jerky eye movements, trouble hearing, slurred speech, dizziness. Unlike hemiplegic migraine, basilar-type migraine does not cause weakness. There is an increased risk of having a stroke with this type of migraine.

Do I need any tests?

Usually not. There is no test to confirm migraine. A doctor can be confident that you have migraine if you have the typical symptoms. However, some people with migraine have non-typical headaches. Sometimes tests are done to rule out other causes of headaches. Remember, if you have migraine, you do not have symptoms between attacks. A headache that does not go, or other symptoms that do not go, are not due to migraine.

Tension headaches are sometimes confused with migraine. These are the common headaches that most people have from time too time. Note: if you have migraine, you can also have tension headaches at different times to migraine attacks.